Which of the following components is used for horizontal bracing?

Horizontal bracing is an essential component in structural integrity, especially in buildings and structures subjected to lateral loads such as wind or seismic forces. Diagonal braces are specifically designed to provide stability and reinforce the structural framework by resisting horizontal forces.

When placed diagonally within a structure, these braces create a more rigid triangular configuration which effectively transfers loads across the frame. This configuration is especially beneficial in preventing sway and ensuring that the structure remains stable under various conditions.

In contrast, columns serve primarily as vertical supports, beam hangers are connectors used to support beams, and base plates are components employed to anchor vertical members to the foundation. None of these elements provide the specific function of horizontal bracing as effectively as diagonal braces do. Thus, diagonal braces are the correct components utilized for horizontal bracing within the framework of structural ironwork.